advent-of-code/2021/day-14/common.erl

131 lines
3.7 KiB
Erlang

-module(common).
-export([parse_file/1, apply_rules/3, tally_elements/1, polymerization/3]).
-import(lists, [append/2]).
-import(string, [chomp/1, split/2, slice/2, slice/3]).
% File parsing
parse_rule(Raw) ->
[S, I] = split(chomp(Raw), " -> "),
#{{slice(S, 0, 1), slice(S, 1, 1)} => I}.
parse_seq(Sequence, Acc) ->
case slice(Sequence, 0, 1) of
"" -> Acc;
First -> parse_seq(slice(Sequence, 1), append(Acc, [First]))
end.
parse_lines(File, Mode, Sequence, Rules) ->
case {Mode, file:read_line(File)} of
{read_seq, {ok, "\n"}} ->
parse_lines(File, read_rules, Sequence, Rules);
{read_seq, {ok, Val}} ->
NextSequence = parse_seq(chomp(Val), []),
parse_lines(File, read_seq, NextSequence, Rules);
{read_rules, {ok, Val}} ->
NextRules = maps:merge(Rules, parse_rule(Val)),
parse_lines(File, read_rules, Sequence, NextRules);
{read_rules, eof} ->
{Sequence, Rules}
end.
parse_file(Path) ->
{ok, File} = file:open(Path, [read]),
parse_lines(File, read_seq, [], #{}).
% Helper functions
each_cons2(List = [A, B | _], F) when is_function(F) ->
Result = F(A, B),
each_cons2(tl(List), [Result], F).
each_cons2([A, B], Acc, F) when is_function(F) ->
Result = F(A, B),
lists:append(Acc, [Result]);
each_cons2(List = [A, B | _], Acc, F) when is_function(F) ->
Result = F(A, B),
each_cons2(tl(List), lists:append(Acc, [Result]), F).
succ(V) -> V + 1.
% Slow algorithm
apply_rules(Sequence, _, 0) ->
Sequence;
apply_rules(Sequence, Rules, Times) ->
NextSequence = apply_rules(Sequence, Rules),
apply_rules(NextSequence, Rules, Times - 1).
apply_rules(Sequence, Rules) ->
Cons = each_cons2(Sequence, fun (A, B) ->
[A, maps:get({A, B}, Rules), B]
end),
flatten_seq(Cons, []).
tally_elements(Sequence) ->
tally_elements(Sequence, #{}).
tally_elements([], Acc) ->
Acc;
tally_elements([Head | Tail], Acc) ->
Tally = maps:put(Head, 1 + maps:get(Head, Acc, 0), Acc),
tally_elements(Tail, Tally).
flatten_seq([[A, B, C]], Acc) ->
lists:append(Acc, [A, B, C]);
flatten_seq([[A, B | _] | Tail], Acc) ->
flatten_seq(Tail, lists:append(Acc, [A, B])).
% Fast algorithm
apply_rule(Pair, Rules) ->
maps:get(Pair, Rules).
update_tally({A, R, B}, Occ, Tally) ->
AddOccurences = fun(V) -> V + Occ end,
Tmp = maps:update_with({A, R}, AddOccurences, Occ, Tally),
maps:update_with({R, B}, AddOccurences, Occ, Tmp).
polymerization(Sequence, Rules, Times) when is_list(Sequence) ->
Cons = each_cons2(Sequence, fun(A, B) -> {A, B} end),
% first tally up all entries and build the counters
{Tally, Counter} = lists:foldl(fun(Pair = {A, _}, {Tal, Cnt}) ->
T = maps:update_with(Pair, fun succ/1, 1, Tal),
C = maps:update_with(A, fun succ/1, 1, Cnt),
{T, C}
end, {#{},#{}}, Cons),
% because the last one got skipped we have to add it manually
{_, Last} = lists:last(Cons),
Counter2 = maps:update_with(Last, fun succ/1, 1, Counter),
polymerization(Rules, Tally, Counter2, Times).
polymerization(_, _, Counter, 0) ->
Counter;
polymerization(Rules, Tally, Counter, Times) ->
{NewTally, NewCounter} = polymerization_step(Rules, Tally, Counter),
polymerization(Rules, NewTally, NewCounter, Times - 1).
polymerization_step(Rules, Tally, Counter) ->
maps:fold(fun({A, B}, Occ, {NewTally, NewCounter}) ->
Re = apply_rule({A, B}, Rules),
% Update occurance and element counters
NewTally2 = update_tally({A, Re, B}, Occ, NewTally),
NewCounter2 = maps:update_with(Re, fun(V) -> V + Occ end, 1, NewCounter),
{NewTally2, NewCounter2}
end, {#{}, Counter}, Tally).